Pacific Standard May-June 2013 Cover

Weaponizing Mosquitoes to Fight Tropical Diseases

Artist's conception of mechanized mosquito

IT WAS THE WORST OUTBREAK OF DENGUE FEVER IN AUSTRALIA IN 60 YEARS. More than 1,000 people were stricken by the potentially fatal, insect-born infection in a 2009 epidemic that swept through the beach towns of northern Australia with lightning speed. “Right over there is where it started,” Scott Ritchie says, pointing to a green clapboard cottage perched on stilts to avoid floods. It’s an overcast but warm April day in a quiet, palm-tree-dotted suburb of Cairns, a jumping-off point for expeditions to the Great Barrier Reef. Ritchie, a medical entomologist, explains that the Aedes ... Read More

Predators Make Great Mosquito Repellent

Quiet as they are, mosquitoes generate a lot of buzz from scientists, pharmaceutical companies, aid groups and governments trying to get rid of them and the diseases they carry, including dengue, West Nile virus and malaria. Today, the fight against mosquitoes has never been so heated. In March, scientists announced a new way to interfere with mosquito reproduction by unlocking a sort of "chastity belt". In July, a University of Kansas lab was able to make the bugs more susceptible to insecticides by silencing genes in larvae using nanoparticles. Also in July, a team at the University of ... Read More

Stopping Malaria With a Chastity Belt

Meddling with the sex lives of malarial mosquitoes could stop the spread of the disease. A recent study of Anopheles gambiae conducted at London’s Imperial College found that a “male mating plug” particular to these malaria-transmitting mosquitoes is the key to their reproduction — and possibly, therefore, to their control. Scientists discovered that altering the male mating plug prevents its formation. Without this plug the female mosquito cannot be properly inseminated and cannot store the sperm in her sperm storage organ, a repository she draws on for a lifetime of egg laying. ... Read More