Pacific Standard July-August 2013 Cover

Positive Intentions, Joyful Music Key to Happiness

(PHOTO: LDM/SHUTTERSTOCK)

Can you will yourself into feeling happier? Adding evidence to a centuries-old philosophical debate, newly published research suggests that indeed you can—with a little help from Aaron Copland. “Listening to positive music may be an effective way to improve happiness, particularly when it is combined with an intention to become happier,” write psychologists Yuna Ferguson and Kennon Sheldon. Their study suggests neither a determination to be happy nor uplifting music are sufficient alone: It’s the combination that seems to do the trick. Writing in the Journal of Positive ... Read More

Key to Happiness: Keeping Busy Without Feeling Rushed

(PHOTO: SHUTTERSTOCK)

Who among us are the most happy? Newly published research suggests it is those fortunate folks who have little or no excess time, and yet seldom feel rushed. This busy but blissful group comprises 8 to 12 percent of Americans, making it “a small and unusual minority within the general population,” writes University of Maryland sociologist John P. Robinson. According to his analysis, the happiness level of this group is 12 to 25 percent higher than that of those of most Americans. What’s more, while the general population’s happiness level is going down, theirs is increasing: 53 ... Read More

China’s Growing Unhappiness Gap

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In 1974, a University of Pennsylvania economics professor named Richard Easterlin published the innocuously titled study, “Does Economic Growth Improve the Human Lot?” (The conventional wisdom at the time being, “Duh.”) In it, he examined 30 surveys conducted in 19 countries, and came up with an unexpected conclusion: while income correlated closely to happiness within countries—richer Nigerians were happier than poorer Nigerians—it wasn’t clear that, on balance, richer countries were any happier than poorer countries. Happiness was purely relative. The so-called Easterlin ... Read More

Paying Taxes Makes You Feel Good

Isn’t paying taxes annoying? Doesn’t it feel like you’re flushing your hard-earned money down the toilet? A scholarly paper published just in time for the U.S. tax season suggests the answers are yes, and no, respectively. “People would prefer to keep a dollar than pay it in tax,” the researchers write in the Journal of Economic Psychology, “but paying it in tax is not equivalent to throwing the money away.” They argue that while we’d rather use the money to buy a flat-screen TV or take a vacation, we do derive some benefit from forking over cash to the government. ... Read More

Bitter About Your Life? Blame Facebook

Has life treated you unfairly? Do you have a nagging suspicion that other people, are, on balance, happier than you are? You might want to get off of Facebook. A newly published study suggests the phenomenally popular social networking site may be skewing the way users perceive their lives. It finds those carefully selected photos of cheerful, contented people cumulatively convey a self-esteem-shattering message: Our lives are fantastic! What’s wrong with you? At least, that’s the conclusion of Utah Valley University sociologist Hui-Tzu Grace Chou, who conducted a study of 425 ... Read More

The Science Behind TGIF

As Charlie Brown has said for decades, happiness is a warm puppy. Researchers, however, say it’s really spending 1.7 hours more with family and friends. With help from Gallup, John F. Helliwell, an economist at the University of British Columbia, has discovered what seems, well, obvious: Americans are significantly happier on weekends and public holidays than during the workweek. In a recent study for the National Bureau of Economic Research, Helliwell and his colleague, Shun Wang, take a careful look at people’s daily emotions. Based on data that was collected by Gallup in a random ... Read More

Study: Ethical People More Satisfied With Life

“The just man is happy, and the unjust man is miserable,” Plato declares in The Republic. A noble thought, to be sure, but Socrates’ most famous student didn’t have data to back up his belief. Harvey James, on the other hand, does. The University of Missouri economist finds a relationship between life satisfaction and low tolerance for unethical conduct. He discussed his findings, first published in the journal Kyklos, with Miller-McCune staff writer Tom Jacobs. The research “I found a correlation between how people responded to ethics questions and their satisfaction with life. ... Read More

New Research Suggests Everybody’s Less Satisfied

Few research papers hit a nerve like the 2009 report The Paradox of Declining Female Happiness. Over the past 35 years, “women’s happiness has declined both absolutely, and relative to men,” Betsey Stevenson and Justin Wolfers wrote in the American Economic Journal. Some interpreted this as an indirect indictment of the feminist movement, which — the argument went — has given women more freedom but left them less content. While that was not the thesis of the paper’s authors, the notion was debated by newspaper columnists ranging from social conservative Ross Douthat to feminists ... Read More

As Environment Degrades, Our Well-Being Grows?

Earth's ecosystems are steadily deteriorating thanks to unsustainable practices like overfishing, rainforest clearing and natural gas "fracking." So, wouldn't it follow that human beings around the globe are getting sicker, poorer and less satisfied with their lives? Not so, according to Ciara Raudsepp-Hearne, an environmental consultant and part-time lecturer at Montreal's McGill University. In "Untangling the Environmentalist's Paradox: Why Is Human Well-being Increasing as Ecosystem Services Degrade," published i n the September issue of BioScience, Raudsepp-Hearne and colleagues found ... Read More

Song Lyrics, Twitter Help Chart Public Mood

Social scientists seeking to assess the collective mood of large groups of people traditionally have relied on slow, laborious sampling methods that usually entail some form of self-reporting. Peter Dodds and Chris Danforth, mathematicians at the University of Vermont, dreamed up an ingenious way to sample the feelings of many more people much more quickly. They downloaded the lyrics to 232,000 popular songs composed between 1960 and 2007 and calculated how often emotion-laden words like "love," "hate," "pain" and "baby" occurred in each. Then they graphed their results, averaging ... Read More