Pacific Standard May-June 2013 Cover

Driving Is Much Deadlier Than Terrorism—Why Isn’t It Scarier?

scary-heuristic

Whether you're driving in a car, walking down the street, or merely sitting in a chair, there are about a hundred ways that life could end: instantly, slowly, ironically, stupidly, early, or even painfully. Yet despite the precariousness native to existence, most of us manage to soldier on. Every so often, however, we get hung up on something, and our stoic composure gets tossed out the window. Topics like nuclear power, genetically-modified foods, and, more recently, horse meat in food, bring out humanity's true nature, "guided by emotion rather than by reason, easily swayed by trivial ... Read More

The Neurobiology of Fear

Fear, like fire, is our friend when it isn’t raging out of control. Awareness of a potential threat activates the famous fight-or-flight impulse, facilitating a quick response. Once we realize the fright was actually a false alarm—that wasn’t a burglar you heard downstairs, just the cat—we rapidly return to a state of repose. But too often, people suffering from anxiety disorders fail to respond to the all-clear signal. This leaves them in an ongoing state of heightened tension, which—if it lasts long enough, or gets triggered often enough—can take a severe physical and mental ... Read More

Fear, Spiders and the Perception of Threat

Mexican redknee tarantula

Kevin Charles Redmon’s piece Tuesday on how spiders so thoroughly put the fear of God into grasshoppers that the grasshoppers’ actual body chemistry changes rang true for me, an admitted arachnophobe. As Kevin noted, the spiders’ mouths had been glued shut—you’ll have to go to his story to see how—but the grasshoppers were still plenty scared. I’m the same way—I rarely inspect that black widow’s mandibles for Elmer's before sfreaking out. It may not make sense to be afraid, and yet … All of which puts me in mind of research that came out last year in ... Read More

Fear Powers Zombie Bugs

Zombie Grasshopper

File under “Career change.” While the rest of us mopes suffer the nine-to-five in our stuffy cubicles, ecologist Dror Hawlena spends his days picking through lizard poop, gluing spiders’ mouths shut, and dissecting grasshopper guts under a microscope. He’s tracked leopards, ibexes, and wild boars. When field trips takes him out of the office, they take him waaay out of the office, to the Yale-Myers forest, the Negev Desert, Glacier National Park, the Balearic Islands, and the Wadi Rum valley, in Connecticut, Israel, Montana, Spain, and Jordan, respectively. His coworkers are guys like ... Read More

Fear Heightens Appreciation of Abstract Art

Are you puzzled by Picasso? Perplexed by Pollock? Do you feel you’re missing out on something profound when friends discuss their intense reaction to abstract art? You could do some research to better understand what you’re looking at. Or you could turn off the lights and watch a DVD of Psycho. A newly published study finds people are more likely to be moved and intrigued by abstract paintings if they have just experienced a good scare. This suggests the allure of art may be “a byproduct of one’s tendency to be alarmed by such environmental features as novelty, ambiguity, and the ... Read More

The Deep Pain of Awkward Silences

It's the moment everyone dreads at holiday social gatherings. You're enjoying a free-flowing, spontaneous conversation with a group of friends, colleagues or family members, until you inject what you think is a clever, or at least interesting, remark. The result is an awkward, almost unbearable silence, which lasts until someone jumps in to fill the verbal void with something — anything. Why are those few soundless seconds so incredibly uncomfortable? Newly published research suggests they elicit primal fears, activating anxiety-provoking feelings of incompatibility and ... Read More

Apocalypse, Wow

Call it a doomsday boom or an end days buffet, but chilling and thrilling conclusions seems to be everywhere I look. Besides doom-laden news reports from climate to economy, the Discovery Channel has Earth without People, great novelists like Margaret Atwood and Kazuo Ishiguro have joined chroniclers of humanity's swan song, yet it's really been the big screen where ending it all gets the most splashy, big-budget play nowadays. At times bleaker than you imagine (The Road, father and son battle last-day cannibals); other times apocalypse can be oddly hilarious (Shaun of the Dead, a zombie ... Read More

Taking the Temperature of Swine Flu Fears

I am writing this a few hours after the World Health Organization raised the influenza pandemic alert level from 4 to 5, the second highest level, because "a pandemic is imminent." This means that there is human-to-human spread of the virus into at least two countries in one WHO region. But while the virus spreads quickly, information about the virus spreads even faster than the virus itself. By now, almost everyone with access to a news source is aware of swine flu, and people are worried to different degrees and react in very different ways. My colleagues and I who study the spread of ... Read More