Pacific Standard July-August 2013 Cover

Brands Are Imprinted on Our Brains

coca-cola-branding

Why do so many of us instinctively reach for brand-name products at the supermarket, even when less-expensive generic ones are available as an option? If pressed, we’d probably say we like them better—which is odd, given that the generic brands are often identical to the originals. Why would we get more pleasure out of products that come wrapped in a familiar label? Newly published research from Germany suggests it's because certain brands are imprinted on our brains. Participants in a study reported they got more pleasure from tasting colas labeled “Coke” and “Pepsi” ... Read More

Brain-Scan Lie Detectors Just Don’t Work

brain-scan-lie

It sounds just like something out of a sci-fi police procedural show—and not necessarily a good one. In a darkened room, a scientist in a white lab coat attaches a web of suction cups, wires, and electrodes to a crime suspect’s head. The suspect doesn’t blink as he tells the detectives interrogating him, “I didn’t do it.” The grizzled head detective bangs his fist on the table. “We know you did!” he yells. The scientist checks his machine. “Either he’s telling the truth ... or he’s actively suppressing his memories of the crime,” says the scientist. Some law ... Read More

‘The Internet Made Me Do It’: Stop Blaming Social Media for Our Behavioral Problems

social-brain

The Internet is destroying our national parks. That’s according to Lorna Lange, the spokeswoman for Joshua Tree National Park in California, anyway. Lange spoke to New York Times reporter Felicity Barringer, who wrote a depressing story about the recent uptick in graffiti on public lands. According to Lange, park personnel are blaming social media for the rise in vandalism. “In the old days, people would paint something on a rock—it wouldn’t be till someone else came along that someone would report it and anybody would know about it.” Lange told the Times, “with social media ... Read More

Compassion Can Be Cultivated

compassion-findings

Can people be taught to act more altruistically? Newly published research, measuring both brain activity and behavior, suggests the answer just may be yes. “Our findings support the possibility that compassion and altruism can be viewed as trainable skills rather than stable traits,” a research team led by Richard J. Davidson and Helen Weng of the University of Wisconsin-Madison writes in the journal Psychological Science. Specifically, they report that taking a course in compassion leads to increased engagement of certain neural systems, which prompts higher levels of altruistic ... Read More

What Does It Take for Traumatized Kids to Thrive?

traumatized-kids-3

Paine High School was a shambles when Jim Sporleder arrived to serve as its new principal in the spring of 2007. Housed in a run-down, brown-brick building with metal security screens on its windows, the “alternative” secondary school served 77 of Walla Walla, Washington’s most challenging students. And for years, by nearly all accounts, it had served them exceedingly poorly. About half of Paine’s students had been ordered to attend the school by a judge; most of the rest had been ejected by the city’s mainstream high school due to behavioral problems. Students weren’t the only ... Read More

Brainism: Understanding Our Recent Obsession With Stress and the Mind

brainism-brain

One Nation Under Stress: The Trouble With Stress as an Idea By Dana Becker (Oxford University Press) Neuro: The New Brain Sciences and the Management of the Mind By Nikolas Rose and Joelle Abi-Rached (Princeton University Press) “I never used to discuss neuroscience on the bus,” wrote the psychologist Vaughan Bell recently in The Guardian, “but it’s happened twice in the last month.” People these days love to talk about brains. In everyday conversation and mainstream media reports, the organ and its processes are casually invoked (“my synapses are firing”) where ... Read More

Pills Fight Pain — And You Don’t Even Have to Take Them

Ibuprofen

Looking for a simple way to raise your pain threshold? Grab a bottle of ibuprofen … and then put it back down, unopened. Newly published research suggests your brain will do the rest. A study that builds upon seminal research from a decade ago “demonstrates that objects in the environment can nonconsciously decrease pain sensitivity,” according to psychologists Abraham Rutchick of California State University, Northridge and Michael Slepian of Stanford University. This understanding could eventually lead to “efficient clinical interventions,” they write in the online journal ... Read More

Music of Vivaldi Boosts Mental Vitality

Vivaldi

The Mozart Effect—the notion that listening to certain pieces of classical music can boost one’s brainpower—was initially embraced, widely popularized, and then largely debunked. But like an operatic character who keeps singing robustly on her deathbed, it refuses to go quietly. Now, new research from the U.K. has found cognitive benefits from listening to one of the most popular pieces in the repertoire: Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons. In an experiment, the work’s evocative Spring section, “particularly the well-recognized, vibrant, emotive and uplifting first movement, had the ... Read More

Marry You? Let Me Consult My Brain Scan

heartsandminds

As Valentine’s Day approaches, some who find themselves in the ecstasy of a new romance will find their joy tempered by a nagging thought: “But will our love last?” Recently published research suggests that, when it comes to predicting persistent passion, the best crystal ball may turn out to be a brain scan. In the journal Neuroscience Letters, a research team led by Stony Brook University psychologist Xiaomeng Xu provides “preliminary evidence that neural responses in the early stages of romantic love can predict relationship stability and quality up to 40 months ... Read More

More Evidence Music Training Boosts Brainpower

(PHOTO: SHUTTERSTOCK)

Want your child to get better and better with words? Put a musical instrument in his or her hands. That’s the implication of a new paper from Germany, which confirms and augments research conducted in Canada, and Hong Kong. Across cultures, it appears, training on a musical instrument improves kids’ verbal memory. The results of an 18-month study suggest “a positive transfer effect from musical expertise onto speech and language processing,” writes a research team led by Ingo Roden of Carl von Ossietzky University in Oldenburg, Germany. In the journal Frontiers in Psychology, the ... Read More