Pacific Standard May-June 2013 Cover

About John Perlin

John Perlin is the author of From Space to Earth: The Story of Solar Electricity, A Golden Thread: 2500 Years of Solar Architecture and Technology (with Ken Butti) and A Forest Journey: The Role of Wood in the Development of Civilization. He worked with Nobel laureates Walter Kohn and Alan Heeger in the 2005 film The Power of the Sun. He can be contacted at johnperlin@physics.ucsb.edu.

Solar Success Stories in the Wreckage of Sandy

A passive solar house in East Amwell, New Jersey.

Hurricane Sandy knocked out most of the power along coastal New Jersey and New York, some of it still off, but  photovoltaic cells and passive solar construction have created some bright spots. For example, the storm and its subsequent flooding had little effect on one school located roughly 600 feet from Newark Bay on a peninsula directly in harm’s way. While surging seawater wreaked corrosive havoc on the underground power lines that feed into Bayonne, New Jersey’s Midtown Community School, the campus has, and had, uninterrupted electrical service thanks to the prescience of ... Read More

Solyndra’s Problems Were More Politics Than Power

In September, Dan Arvizu, who heads the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, made a prescient prediction during a European solar energy conference. He said the meteoric growth of photovoltaic installations over the last six years would cause fossil fuel and nuclear interests to demonize solar cells in hope of killing what they might see as a powerful threat. Days later, Washington politicians started ramping up an investigation into Solyndra, a leading maker of thin-film solar cells that had gone bankrupt two years after receiving a $535 million loan guarantee from the U.S. ... Read More

Confessions of a Nuclear Power Safety Expert

When Italy decided in the mid-'70s to add nuclear power to its power portfolio, young mechanical and nuclear engineer Cesare Silvi was among those attracted to the opportunities it presented. His work centered on nuclear safety issues — in particular, what might happen if something unexpected struck a power plant. Corners he saw cut there eventually soured Silvi on that endeavor. His next position — at the Italian Commission on Nuclear and Alternative Energy Sources, which included work on nuclear disarmament — eventually soured him on nuclear energy itself. "[If we] continue with ... Read More

At Chernobyl It Was All Under Control

As a visiting scholar last year at the Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells, I met Valery N. Bliznyuk, a visiting professor at Linz and a permanent faculty member at Western Michigan University. His fascinating work in materials at molecular and nanotech levels includes work on polymer photovoltaics. Over dinner, he told me he hailed from Kiev (or Kyiv in Ukrainian), and the subject of Chernobyl inevitably arose. And now, with the disaster at Fukushima dredging up memories of that meltdown 25 years ago, Bliznyuk’s recollections of being a scientist laboring in an informational black ... Read More

Inventor of Plastic Solar Cells Sees Bright Future

In 1974, future Nobel laureates Alan Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa discovered a new type of plastic — conjugated conducting polymers. "This polymer was a completely new type that acted more like a metal than like other plastics as it was an excellent conductor of electricity," recalled Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci, who started working with the polymers as a doctoral student at the University of Vienna in the mid-1980s. "It became quite the rage and elicited great interest due to its unique behavior." Drawing on that breakthrough, Sariciftci would create the plastic solar ... Read More

Greener Battlefields Would Be Safer for Troops

The experience of Lt. Gen. Richard Zilmer, who in 2006 became the commander of the coalition forces in the Al Anbar province of Iraq, exemplifies the changing strategy of fighting insurgencies in Afghanistan and Iraq. Before coming to Iraq, Zilmer focused on the importance of space-related warfighting technologies and capabilities. In Iraq, his concerns were often a little more down to earth — his command's dependence on oil. Seventy percent of all convoys carried liquid fossil fuels, and attacks on convoys, the general learned, account for about half of all the casualties. Generators ... Read More

Busting Myths About Photovoltaics

The European Union Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference I just attended stressed the need for public education about photovoltaics — the silicon-based solar cells that turn sunlight into usable electricity — to increase acceptance of the solar-power technology. Myths abound about photovoltaics that hinder their growth, and I'd like to burst some of those misconceptions right here: Myth: Because solar cells are only a few microns thick, they produce weaker electricity. Fact: All electrons are created equal. Hence, the movement of electrons that make up electricity are no different ... Read More

Solar Power: America Hangs Its Head

At the world's most prestigious conference on photovoltaics, the 25th EU Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference in Valencia, Spain, I had the honor of being selected as one of the participants in its "PV Policy Debate 2010." The panel was moderated by BBC environmental analyst Roger Harrabin and included Giovanni Federigo De Santi, director of the European Commission’s Institute for Energy Joint Research Center; Heinz Ossenbrink, director of the center’s photovoltaics section; Marcello Raimondi, Councilor of Environment, Energy, and Networks for Italy’s Lombard region; Karin Feier, ... Read More

Europe Boasts of its Solar Power Strength

The European Union's Joint Research Centre reports that photovoltaic modules installed globally in 2009 had a capacity to generate more than 7 gigawatts of electricity — the equivalent of about seven nuclear power plants. Out of these, almost 6 gigawatts were installed in Europe. This means that 75 percent of the world's photovoltaic systems went up in Europe alone during last year. The cumulative installed PV capacity in the world comes to 22 gigawatts, with 70 percent being European. The United States, though enjoying far more sunshine and being the birthplace of modern photovoltaics, ... Read More

Peak Wood: Nature Does Impose Limits

Ed. Note — While the specifics of Peak Oil can be debated, the existence of an inflection point in which petroleum becomes increasingly difficult and expensive to extract is not. A few days ago our Melinda Burns looked at possible scenarios on how the world might cope with Peak Oil. Here, John Perlin, author of A Forest Journey: The Story of Wood and Civilization, recaps and expands on the cautionary tales he’s recounted on how the world has already experienced the age of Peak Wood. Constant fuel wood crises taught pre-Colombian Americans in New England the precariousness of accessible ... Read More